Milestones in Facebook's history

Some key developments in the eight years since Facebook Inc.'s creation: 

February 2004: Mark Zuckerberg starts Facebook as a sophomore at Harvard University. 

March 2004: Facebook begins expansion to other colleges and universities. 

June 2004: Facebook moves headquarters toPalo Alto, Calif. 

September 2004: Facebook introduces the Wall, which allows people to write personal musings and other tidbits on profile pages. Lawsuit filed against Facebook claiming that Zuckerberg stole the idea for Facebook from a company co-founded by twins Cameron and Tyler Winklevoss and a third person at Harvard. 

September 2005: Facebook expands to include high schools. 

May 2006: Facebook introduces work networks, allowing people with a corporate email address to join. 

September 2006: Facebook begins letting anyone over 13 join. It also introduces News Feed, which collects friends' Wall posts in one place. Although that led to complaints about privacy, News Feed became one of Facebook's most popular features. 

May 2007: Facebook launches Platform, a system for letting outside programmers develop tools for sharing photos, taking quizzes and playing games. The system creates a Facebook economy and allows companies such as game maker Zynga Inc. to thrive. 

October 2007: Facebook agrees to sell a 1.6 percent stake to Microsoft for $240 million and forges advertising partnership. 

November 2007: Facebook unveils its Beacon program, a feature that broadcasts people's activities on dozens of outside sites. Yet another privacy backlash led Facebook to give people more control over Beacon, before Facebook ultimately scrapped it as part of a legal settlement. 

March 2008: Facebook hires Sheryl Sandberg as chief operating officer, snatching the savvy, high-profile executive from Google Inc. 

April 2008: Facebook Chat introduced. 

February 2009: Facebook introduces ``Like,'' allowing people to endorse other people's posts. 

June 2009: Facebook surpasses News Corp.'s Myspace as the leading online social network in the U.S. 

August 2010: Facebook launches location feature, allowing people to share where they are with their friends and strangers. 

October 2010: Release of ``The Social Network,'' a movie about Zuckerberg and the legal battles over Facebook's founding. It gets eight Academy Awards nominations and wins three. 

June 2011: Google launches rival social network called Plus. The Winklevoss twins end their legal battle over the idea behind Facebook. They had settled with Facebook for $65 million in 2008, but later sought more money. 

September 2011: Facebook introduces Timeline, a new version of the profile page. It shows highlights from a person's entire Facebook life rather than recent posts. 

November 2011: Facebook agrees to settle federal charges that it violated users' privacy by getting people to share more information than they agreed to when they signed up to the site. As part of a settlement, Facebook will allow independent auditors to review its privacy practices for two years. It also agrees to get approval from users before changing how the company handles their data. 

December 2011: Facebook completes its move to Menlo Park, Calif. Its address is 1 Hacker Way. 

January 2012: Facebook begins making Timeline mandatory. 

February 2012: Facebook files for an initial public offering of stock. A few weeks later, it unveils new advertising opportunities for brands, allowing messages from them to mix in with Facebook status updates and photos. 

April 2012: Facebook announces plans to buy the photo-sharing social network Instagram for $1 billion in cash and stock. It also discloses it plans to list its stock on the Nasdaq under the ticker symbol ``FB.'' 
May 3, 2012: Facebook sets a price range of $28 to $35 for its IPO. At the high end, that could raise as much as $11.8 billion, before selling any extra stock reserved for high demand. Facebook's offering values the company at $76 billion to $95 billion, based on the expected number of Facebook shares following the IPO. 

May 7: Facebook begins its road show, where executives talk to potential investors about why they should invest in the stock. The first stop is New York. 

May 8. Road show goes to Boston. 

May 11: Facebook updates its policy to give users more clarity on how much information they share is used by the company. It's in response to an audit by data-protection authorities inIreland, where Facebook has its overseas headquarters. The company also signals that it may start showing people ads on sites other than Facebook, targeting the pitches to interests and hobbies that users express on Facebook. Road show concludes in Palo Alto, Calif. 

Tuesday: Facebook increases its price range for the IPO to $34 to $38. At the high end, the sale would raise about $12.8 billion and values the company at $104 billion. 

Wednesday: Responding to extraordinary demand, Facebook says it would add 84 million shares, worth up to $3.2 billion, to the IPO. That brings the total to 421 million shares, or $16 billion, offered by Facebook and its early investors. 

Thursday: Facebook prices its IPO at $38 per share, raising $16 billion. The company stands to reap as much as $18.4 billion if extra shares reserved to cover additional demand are sold too. That would be the second-largest U.S. IPO ever, lagging only Visa Inc. The offering values Facebook at about $104 billion.




Soure:TOI

Facebook CEO set to become richer than Microsoft CEO

SAN FRANCISCO: Facebook Inc (FB)'s $11.8 billion initial public offering will cement the status of 27-year-old Mark Zuckerberg as one of the world's richest men and put his social network among the highest-valued companies in the US. 

Facebook is offering about 337.4 million shares for $28 to $35 each, according to a regulatory filing yesterday. At the upper end of that range, the co-founder's stake would be $17.6 billion, making him richer than Microsoft Corp's Steve Ballmer and Russian steel billionaire Vladimir Lisin, who are both twice his age, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index. 

Zuckerberg, who began the service for Harvard classmates as a 19-year-old in his dorm room, built Facebook into the most popular social-networking site in the world, topping 900 million users last quarter. Now he has to prove he has the leadership skills to deliver enough growth to justify the company's valuation, said Paul Saffo, managing director at Discern Analytics in San Francisco. 

"The whole story about the Silicon Valley is hard-working, entrepreneurial tech geeks getting big payoffs," said Saffo, whose firm provides analytics to institutional investors. "The challenge he has is: Can Mark grow as quickly as his company has grown? And can Mark grow faster than his company has grown? Because, of course, that's what a leader must do." 

Passing MySpace 

Zuckerberg, who has developed a reputation for introducing new products quickly, helped the company supplant MySpace as the most popular social service while also navigating competitive threats from Google Inc, Twitter Inc and other social-media sites. The company has expanded its appeal by enabling developers to build applications on top of the platform, offering users music, movies, e-commerce options and other extras. 

"They stayed nimble, like a startup of a smaller size," said Jeremiah Owyang, an analyst at Altimeter Group. "The culture encouraged them to experiment and innovate on a regular basis, even when they had the lead." 

Facebook's IPO would value the company at as much as $96 billion. It is offering 180 million of the shares, while existing owners such as Accel Partners and Digital Sky Technologies are offering 157.4 million shares, according to the filing. Zuckerberg is offering 30.2 million of his 533.8 million shares. The majority of his net proceeds will be used to pay taxes associated with exercising a stock option. 

Majority control 

He may control about 57 per cent of the voting power of Facebook's outstanding capital stock after the offering, according to the filing. 

Zuckerberg has shown patience in bringing Facebook to the brink of an IPO. After starting the company in 2004, he rolled it out to other college campuses, reaching 1 million users by the end of the year. Zuckerberg also received a key investment from Peter Thiel, who made much of his wealth as a co-founder of online-payments service PayPal, later sold to EBay Inc. 

It wasn't until 2006 that Zuckerberg opened up the service so anyone could join. Facebook accumulated 12 million users by the end of 2006. 

Zuckerberg was able to woo other investors along the way to handle the growing user base. That included software company Microsoft, Accel and Russian investor Digital Sky. 

Facebook, while preparing for the IPO, has remained active on other fronts. After being sued byYahoo Inc in March for patent infringement, the company has been looking to buy intellectual property from other owners of it. Facebook plans to spend $550 million on some of the patents Microsoft had earlier said it would purchase from AOL Inc. 

Microsoft CEO Ballmer's net worth was $15.4 billion as of yesterday, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index.


source :TOI

Test your anti virus is working or not

ARTICLE BY GOWTHAM

Have you ever wondered how to test your Antivirus software to ensure it’s proper working? Well here is a quick and easy way to test your antivirus. The process is called EICAR test which will work on any antivirus and was developed by European Institute of Computer Antivirus Research. This process can be used by people, companies and antivirus programmers to test the proper functioning of the antivirus/antimalware software without having to deal with the real computer virus which can cause damage to the computer. Here is a step-by-step procedure to test your antivirus.

1. Open a notepad (New Text Document.TXT) and copy the following code exactly onto it, and save the notepad.

EICAR Test code

X5O!P%@AP[4\PZX54(P^)7CC)7}$EICAR-STANDARD-ANTIVIRUS-TEST-FILE!$H+H*

2. Rename the file from New Text Document.TXT to myfile.com

3. Now run the antivirus scan on this myfile.com file.

If the antivirus is functioning properly on your computer, then it should generate a warning and immediately delete the file upon scanning. Otherwise you may have to re-install your antivirus.

NOTE: Most antivirus will pop-out a warning message in the Step-1 itself

You can also place the myfile.com file in a ZIP or RAR file and run a scan on it so as to ensure whether your antivirus can detect the test string in the compressed archive. Any antivirus when scanning this file will respond exactly as it will do for a genuine virus/malicious code. This test will cause no damage to your computer even though the antivirus will flag it as a malicious script. Hence it is the safest method to test the proper functioning of any antivirus.

Infosys posts highest employee addition in 4 years

Infosys made a gross addition of 15,352 people in the quarter.

BANGALORE: Infosys made a gross addition of 15,352 people in the quarter, and a net addition of 8,262 people, taking the total headcount to 1,41,822. The net addition was its highest quarterly addition in at least four years.

The company expressed confidence that it would meet its previous forecast of adding 45,000 people during the fiscal.

The attrition rate has fallen to 15.6% from 17.1% in the same quarter the previous year. Analysts say that this is perhaps driven by people choosing not to swap jobs in uncertain times.

The quarter reported a utilization of 77.3%, up from the preceding quarter, but lower than what it was a year ago. "The hiring number indicates that the company sees strong growth ahead despite economic uncertainty. Whether this assumption is right or wrong, we have to wait and see," said Ankur Rudra, sector analyst with Ambit Capital. 

Mobile spam texts hit 4.5bn in india

illian Brockell got so fed up with unsolicited text messages from a single spammer on her mobile phone that in a fit of frustration she called the sender back -- 20 times.

Turning the tables on the spammer in early April felt "satisfying," she said. Still, it hasn't stanched the flood.

"I don't even get that much junk mail in my Gmail account," said Brockell, a 31-year-old journalist who lives in Washington, DC. "This is my phone. It seems more personal."

The unwelcome messages that have been clogging e-mail inboxes for two decades have made the jump to handsets, as more people use smartphones in place of personal computers and texting becomes more popular. The number of US spam text messages rose 45 per cent last year to 4.5 billion messages, said Richi Jennings, an industry analyst. Spam phone calls also are proliferating. The surge is costing carriers money and frustrating users, who must pay for the messages and deal with potentially fraudulent texts.

Spammers can get phone numbers from the internet, or use software or websites to randomly generate thousands or even millions of numbers in a particular area code. Often using prepaid phones that can't be traced back to the sender, they can then use auto-dialing technology to reach recipients.

Costs for spammers are extremely low. Unlimited texting for a prepaid phone costs about $20 per month and can be used to spam millions of people. Yet for wireless customers without a texting plan, the cost of receiving constant spams can add up quickly. The typical fee is 20 cents per received text.

'Volume of abuse'
"Bad actors will go to the biggest installed base worldwide," Greg Goldfarb, a managing director at Summit Partners, which manages more than $10 billion in assets, said in an interview. "The volume of abuse that comes to people around me has increased 50 times in the last 18 months."

The spam messages can promise free Apple iPads, or claim the consumer won a $1,000 gift card at Wal-Mart Stores Inc or Best Buy Co, according to SMSWatchDog.com, which lists spam reports. Clicking on links can install malware that collects information from the phone. Responding can also authorize charges to the subscriber's mobile bill.

For wireless-service providers such as AT&T, Verizon Wireless and Sprint Nextel, texting is an important source of profits. Still, they are concerned about the escalation of spam texts. As users contact customer-service lines to fight fraudulent text-related charges to their phone bills, carriers may be spending $5 to $50 per spam text complaint, Goldfarb said.

Federal cases
In response, carriers and the US Federal Trade Commission have brought suits against at least three large-scale spammers, including an FTC suit that was settled last year. The FTC charged the spammer with transmitting at least 5 million unsolicited text messages to promote products such as loan- modification programs and debt-relief services. According to the suit, the spammer sent out text messages at a rate of 85 per minute, 24 hours a day.

Last year, the Federal Trade Commission received 2,600 complaints about mobile texts, about the same number as in 2010, said Christine Todaro, an attorney with the agency. Recently, the FTC Bureau of Consumer Protection created a special team to conduct investigations related to mobile issues, she said. In a lawsuit filed in March, AT&T claimed that spammers using 14 phone numbers made more than 20 million illegal phone calls to its and other carriers' subscribers.

Anti-spam software
The carriers also are collaborating on a new anti-spam effort that will be unveiled this year, said David Diggs, a vice president at wireless-industry group CTIA. They're also likely to sink billions into anti-spam and mobile-security software, said Goldfarb, whose company is ramping up investments in mobile-security companies.

"I think the market is going to be much larger than traditional e-mail security or PC security," Goldfarb said in an interview. "The mobile-security threat is far more severe," because of the greater number of devices involved, he said.

Hackers in the past had more often sought out financial transaction information, account and credit-card numbers on personal computers. Now they're searching for the same information on smartphones, whose sales exceed those of PCs.

One in five Americans used a mobile phone for banking in the 12 months ended in January, according to a Federal Reserve Board survey of almost 2,000 consumers.

"You have to follow the money, where the most sensitive data is being used," said Melissa Siems, senior director of mobile marketing at Intel Corp's McAfee unit. McAfee Mobile Security software scans applications consumers download on their smartphones to flag fraudulent ones, which might access your contacts and send them spam text messages. Last year, Google removed a number of malicious programs from its mobile app store.

Acquisition candidates
As carriers build their arsenals of anti-spam tools, it may offer a revenue opportunity for equipment suppliers including Cisco Systems and Juniper Networks. The equipment makers may seek to acquire or invest in startups with mobile anti-spam technologies in the next few years, said Jeff Wilson, principal security analyst at consulting firm Infonetics Research.

One possible acquisition target is Cloudmark, a San Francisco-based startup and an investment of Summit's, which already sells mobile anti-spam software to the top four U.S. wireless carriers.

"There's an opportunity for consolidation," Wilson said. "Many companies want to have the expertise in-house. Everyone is trying to get the mobile carrier money."

Trai: One paisa per second plan mandatory

ARTICLE BY GOWTHAM

NEW DELHI: The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has asked all service providers to ensure that they offer their customers a tariff plan of one paisa per second along with other offerings.

The regulator in a tariff amendment order said it had become "mandatory" for service providers to offer in each service area at least one tariff plan each for both postpaid and prepaid subscriber with a uniform pulse rate of 'one second'.

"The service providers will be at liberty to offer alternative tariff plans with any pulse rate within the overall ceiling of 25 tariff plans," TRAI said in a statement.

The rates for premium rate services currently levied by service providers are substantially higher as compared to the normal tariff applicable for a two-way communication due to the fact that the charges levied also include the price for content.

Keeping in view the fact that calls and SMS made for participating in competition and voting hardly contain any content, TRAI's Telecommunication Tariff (Fifty First Amendment) Order 2012 also mandated that tariff for such calls and SMS shall not exceed four times of the applicable local call or SMS charges.

The amendment also provides flexibility to service providers to apply revision in international long distance tariff uniformly for new as well as existing subscribers.

TRAI had issued a consultation paper in October last year on "Certain issues relating to Telecom Tariff" seeking views of stakeholders.

Most of the operators opposed when asked if one standard plan for all service providers particularly for a prepaid subscriber would be relevant in the present scenario of Indian telecom market.

The regulator has also retained the existing cap of 25 tariff plans that can be offered by access service providers including post-paid and pre-paid.

JNTU-R07 4-2 FREE EBOOKS

MANAGEMENT SCIENCE:

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Hackers could shut down train linesa

BERLIN: Hackers who have shut down websites by overwhelming them with web traffic could use the same approach to shut down the computers that control train switching systems, a security expert said at a hacking conference in Berlin.
Stefan Katzenbeisser, professor at Technische Universitat Darmstadt in Germany, said switching systems were at risk of "denial of service" attacks, which could cause long disruptions to rail services.
"Trains could not crash, but service could be disrupted for quite some time," Katzenbeisser told Reuters on the sidelines of the convention.
"Denial of service" campaigns are one of the simplest forms of cyber attack: hackers recruit large numbers of computers to overwhelm the targeted system with Internet traffic.
Hackers have used the approach to attack sites of government agencies around the world and sites of businesses.
Train switching systems, which enable trains to be guided from one track to another at a railway junction, have historically been separate from the online world, but communication between trains and switches is handled increasingly using wireless technology.
Katzenbeisser said GSM-R, a mobile technology used for trains, is more secure than the usual GSM, used in phones, against which security experts showed a new attack at the convention.
"Probably we will be safe on that side in coming years. The main problem I see is a process of changing ... keys. This will be a big issue in the future, how to manage these keys safely," Katzenbeisser said.
The software encryption 'keys', which are needed for securing the communication between trains and switching systems, are downloaded to physical media like USB sticks and then sent around for installing -- raising the risk of them ending up in the wrong hands.

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VRO Study Material, APPSC Syllabus 2011 for Recruitment Notification

Notification of VRO Study Material and Syllabus 2011 for APPSC Recruitment : Good news from Andhra Pradesh Govt is about to come for the recruitment of 3758 post for Villages Revenue Officer (VRO). Most of you are eagerly waiting for the notification & exam dates, So I have decided to drop down nice post about the AP VRO Recruitment 2011 – 2012, which is scheduled to be announced by 3 to 4 weeks, meantime many of can have some brief idea by checking below Study Materials.

Topic covered in the VRO Syllabus 2011 – 2012 ?

Those looking going to present into Villages Revenue Officer written test are informed that VRO Syllabus related changes or modification is not displayed by APPSC, You can start preparing by assuming last years record only.

As per the Syllabus, your Entrance or Written Exam will have three different sections having more than 13 different topics such as – Crisis management, Social problems, Analysis, International importance, History, Politics, General Knowledge, English etc.

Sample VRO Study Material 2011 – 2012 in Telugu :-

Here is the list of model papers and other materials that application should study for the APPSC Revenue Dept Recruitment Test. Most of file are pdf formatted, so it would be preferred to download it before starting reading.

Current Affairs, General knowledge, Indian Polity (Telugu), Indian Geography, AP Geography (Telugu), Economics, Indian Histroy, Aptitude Problems

If any of you have questions, query or want to know more details regarding the Recruitment Exam Date, Test Patterns, Sample Papers for AP VRO Notification, feel free to write your comments at this page.

FOR MORE CLICK HERE

Vro application forms

                                                 
 The Govt. of Andhra Pradesh will fill up 6063 Village Revenur Assistants posts very soon. Details of posts, district wise vacancies, eligibility and selection procedure are also available for these posts.                                                                             

Village Revenue Officers (VRO) :

The Government of AP is likely to recruit 1564 Village Revenue Officers (VROs) in the pay scale of Rs. 7740 – 23040. Eligibility is pass in 10th Class. Selection will be through written examination which contains questions on general knowledge. Update is available at the end of this post.

Total number of vacancies in the state are 8084. But the Govt. of Andhra Pradesh has allowed the Revenue Department to fill up 6063 posts initially. More number of vacancies are available in Mahaboobnagar district with 492 posts. East Godavari and Karimnagar districts are in second and third positions with 466 and 464 vacancies respectively. Following are district wise break up of VRA vacancies in Andhra Pradesh:

1. Srikakulam: 125 posts

2. Vizianagaram: 126 posts

3. Visakhapatnam: 102 posts

4. East Godavari: 422 posts

5. West Godavari: 466 posts

6. Krishna: 392 posts

7. Guntur: 289 posts

8. Prakasam: 267 posts

9. Nellore: 255 posts

10. Chittoor: 283 posts

11. Anantapuram: 203 posts

12. YSR Kadapa: 190 posts

13. Kurnool: 235 posts

14. Mahaboobnagar: 492 posts

15. Karimnagar: 464 posts

16. Medak: 252 posts

17. Warangal: 353 posts

18. Nizamabad: 207 posts

19. Adilabad: 179 posts

20. Khammam: 193 posts

21. Nalgonda: 348 posts

22. Rangareddy: 194 posts

23. Hyderabad: 26 posts

Village Revenue Officers (VRO) :

The Government of AP is likely to recruit candidates for 1564 Village Revenue Officers (VROs) posts in the pay scale of Rs. 7740 – 23040. Eligibility for these posts is pass in 10th Class. Selection of the candidates will be through written examination which mainly contains questions on general knowledge.

Vacancies in Village Panchayat Services:

The Government of AP is contemplating to recruit candidates for various vacancies available in Andhra Pradesh Village Panchayat Services. Vacancies are available in the positions of Panchayat Development Officers, Junior Engineers, Accountants cum Data Entry Operators, Assistant Extension Officers etc. It is estimated that there are 250 vacancies in the Extension Officers posts. Eligibility: Graduation / Intermediate / SSC (based on the posts)

Village Revenue Assistants (VRA):

6063 vacancies; Eligibility is pass / appearance in 7th class. Salary: Rs. 3000. Male and female candidates eligible for VRA posts. Candidates failed in 7th class also can apply for VRA posts. Tahasildars will select the candidates based on the marks in marks in a qualifying examination.

Here is the latest notification about the Government of Andhra Pradesh which has announced the recruitment notification regarding the Village Revenue Officers and Village Revenue Assistants for the vacant post that are available in Andhra Pradesh State.

The recruitment board has mentioned that the education qualification requirements for the Village Revenue Officers VRO posts is the candidate must have passed in Intermediate Examination and the recruitment board has also mentioned that the qualification requirements for Village Revenue Assistants VRA posts is that the candidate must be passed in SSC 10th Class.

The Recruitment process is based on the marks scored by the candidates in the qualifying examinations which was mentioned above. Interview will be conducted for the candidates those who apply for the vacant post in Village Revenue Officers and Village Revenue Assistants.

Candidates can get more details regarding the Government jobs in Andhra Pradesh at Andhra Pradesh Public Service Commission official website.

Village Revenue Officers(VRO) Recruitment 2011:

The Andhra pradesh Government invites the application of Village Revenue Officers VRO posting
Computer  operator

Min. Qualification: should be Degree Pass and Computer Knowledge is necessary

The Government of Andhra Pradesh has formed a sub- committee with a group of ministers under the chairmanship of N. Raghuveera Reddy to oversee the recruitment process of Village Revenue Officers and Village Revenue Assistants. The sub committee has decided to complete the recruitment process for all the 9000 vacant posts by the end of August  2011. They have also recommended Collectors and RDOs of all the districts in the state to speed up the recruitment process.

The sub committee has disclosed that the education qualification for the VRO posts will be pass in Intermediate Examination and the qualification for VRA posts will be SSC / Tenth Class. There will be no written examination for any posts. Selection of the candidates will be based on marks in the qualifying examinations (Inter / 10th Class). Reservations will be followed as per the rules. Weightage of 85 marks will be allotted for marks in the qualifying exam, reservation, local status and other standards. Remaining 15 marks will be for performance in interviews. The entire recruitment process will be conducted at the district level only and district collector will act as Chairan of the District Selection Committee.

What is the VRO Syllabus 2011 – 2012 ?

Still APPSC has not display the latest changes or modification in VRO Syllabus, So we are assuming from the last years record only.

appsc vro vra recruitment 2011 jobs notification ap posts application form syllabus download details model papersin andhra pradesh village revenue officer www vro posts last date

TCS off campus ALL AROUND INDIA

ARTICLE BY GOWTHAM


APPLY HERE

HOW TO CHANGE YOUR IP

This article will help you to change your IP address within a minute. Just follow the following step and you will be thru.

1. Click on "Start" in the bottom left hand corner of scre en
2. Click on "Run"
3. Type in "command" and hit ok

You should now be at an MSDOS prompt screen.

4. Type "ipconfig /release" just like that, and hit "enter"
5. Type "exit" and leave the prompt
6. Right-click on "Network Places" or "My Network Places" on your desktop.
7. Click on "properties"

You should now be on a screen with something titled "Local Area Connection", or something close to that, and, if you have a network hooked up, all of your other networks.

8. Right click on "Local Area Connection" and click "properties"
9. Double-click on the "Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)" from the list under the "General" tab
10. Click on "Use the following IP address" under the "General" tab
11. Create an IP address (It doesn't matter what it is. I just type 1 and 2 until i fill the area up).
12. Press "Tab" and it should automatically fill in the "Subnet Mask" section with default numbers.
13. Hit the "Ok" button here
14. Hit the "Ok" button again

You should now be back to the "Local Area Connection" screen.

15. Right-click back on "Local Area Connection" and go to properties again.
16. Go back to the "TCP/IP" settings
17. This time, select "Obtain an IP address automatically"
tongue.gif 18. Hit "Ok"
19. Hit "Ok" again
20. You now have a new IP address

With a little practice, you can easily get this process down to 15 seconds.

P.S:
This only changes your dynamic IP address, not your ISP/IP address. If you plan on hacking a website with this trick be extremely careful, because if they try a little, they can trace it back

IMPORTANT UNITS FOR JNTUK EXTERNAL EXAMS [CSE/IT/ECE/EEE OF ALL YEARS

ARTICLE BY GOWTHAM

Important Units List For ALL years& All Semisters For R07 Regulation Is Here placed By Contacting 30+ Professors From Various Engineering Colleges

First  Year :

English : Units I, III, V, VII, VIII

Maths I (M-I) : Units I, II, IV, V, VI, VII

Mathematical Methods (MM) : Units I, II, III, IV, VII, VIII

Engineering Physics : Units I, II, IV, V, VII

Engineering Chemistry : Units I, II, IV, V, VII, VIII

Programming in C and Data Structures (CDS) : Units I, II, III, V, VI, VII

Engineering Drawing : Units I, II, III, IV, V, VII

2-1 CSE/IT :


ADVANCED DATA STRUCTURES
Choose: Units II, III, IV, VI, VII and VIII (2,3,4,6,7 and 8)

MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATION OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
Choose: Units I, II, III, IV, VII and VIII (1,2,3,4,7 and 8)

Probability & Statistics (P&S) : 1,2,3,4,5 Units (Be Perfect with the Previous Papers,Important Questions & FAQ's)

DIGITAL LOGIC DESIGN
Choose: Units I, II, III, IV, V and VI (1,2,3,4,5 and 6)

Electronic Devices and circuits (EDC) : Units I, II, III, IV, VI

Basic Electrical Engineering (BEE) : 1,2,3,7,8 Units.


2-1 ECE :

Mathematics – III (M3) : 3,4,5,6,7,8 Units

Probability Theory & Stochastic Processes (PTSP) : 1,2,3,4,5 Units

Electronic Devices and Circuits (EDC) : Units I, II, III, IV, VI

Signals And Systems (SS) : 1,2,3,6,7,8 Units

Electric Circuits (EC) : 1,2,3,4,7,8 Units

Environment Studies (ES) : You can read any 5 units from all 8 units, as the subject is very easy

2-1 EEE :

Mathematics-III (M-III) : Units I, II, IV, V, VI

Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulic Machinery (FMHM) : Units I, II, III, IV, IV


Electronic Devices & circuits (EDC) : Units I, II, III, IV, VI

Electrical Circuits (ELC) : Units I, II, III, VI, VIII

EMF : Units I, II, IV, VII, VIII

Elcetrical Machines -I (EM-I) : Units I, II, III, IV, VI


2 -2 CSE/IT :


Computer Organization : 1,3,4,7,8 Units.

Data Base Management Systems : 1,2,3,4,7 Units.

Object Oriented Programming : 1,2,3,4,5 Units.

Formal Languages And Automata Theory
Choose: Units II, III, IV, V, VI and VII (2,3,4,5,6 and 7)

Design and Analysis of Algorithms (DAA) : 1,2,3,4,5 Units.

Probability & Statistics (P&S) (Common to CE, CHEM,IT) : 1,2,3,4,5 Units (Be Perfect with the Previous Papers,Important Questions & FAQ's).

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Choose: Units I,III, IV, VI, VII and VIII (1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8)

Environmental Studies (Common to CE, CSE, EIE, BME, IT, MECT, MMT, ECC, BOT,ICE,AME): You can read any 5 units from all 8 units, as the subject is very easy.

Software Engineering : 1,2,3,4,5,6 Units.

3-1 CSE/IT :

AUTOMATA AND COMPILER DESIGN
Choose: Units I, II, III, VI, VII and VIII (1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 8)

Formal Languages And Automata Theory
Choose: Units II, III, IV, V, VI and VII (2,3,4,5,6 and 7)


Computer Graphics : 1,2,3,6,8 Units

Micro Processor & Interfacing (MPI) : 1,2,6,7,8 Units

Design and Analysis of Algorithms (DAA) : 1,2,3,4,5 Units


Software Testing Methodologies (STM) : 1,2,3,6,7 Units

Data Communication Systems (DCS) : 1,2,4,5,6 Units

Distributed Databases (DD) : 1,2,3,5,6 Units
3-1 ECE :

Managerial Economics and Financial Analysis (MFCS) - 1,2,4,5,7,8 Units


Computer Organization(CO) - 1,3,4,7,8 Units

Linear IC Applications - 1,2,3,4,7 Units

Digital IC Applications - 3,4,5,6,7 or 8 Units

Antennas and Wave Propagation - 3,4,5,6,7 Units

Digital Communications - 7,8,2,5,1 Units (study these Digital Communication units in the same order in all in one,digital communications is a tough 1 to pass bcoz d questns wont repeat b careful n dont leave d paper write bla..bla..even if u dont know the answer !)


3-1 EEE :

Linear Systems Analysis (LSA) - 1,4,5,6, 2 or 3 Units

Power Systems-II (PS2) - 2,3,5,7,8 (1st unit is easy but u may get little bit confused)

Electrical Machines-III (EM3) - 1,2,5,6,7,8 Units

Power Electronics (PE) - 1,2,3,4,7 OR 5 Units

Electrical Measurements (EM) - 2,3,4,5,6 Units


4-1 CSE/IT :

WEB TECHNOLOGIES
Choose: Units I, II, III, V, VI and VIII (1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 8)

Human Computer Interaction (HCI) : 1,2,3,5,7 Units

Network Programming (NP) : 1,2,3,7,8 Units

Multimedia and Application Development (MAD) : 1,2,5,6,7,8 Units

Mobile Computing (MC) : 1,2,4,6,7,8 Units

Software Project Management (SPM) : 1,3,4,6,7 Units

Embedded Systems (ES) : 1,2,3,4,8 Units

Data Warehousing and Data Mining (DWDM) : 1,2,3,5,6 Units

Network Management Systems (NMS) : 1,2,3,4,5,6 Units (If u are perfect with 2,3 Units then 4,5 Units will be very easy.)

Information Security (IS) : 1,2,3,4,7,8 Units

Advance Computer Architecture (ACA) : 1,2,3,7,8 Units

4-1 ECE :

COMPUTER NETWORKS
Choose: Units I, III, V, VI, VII and VIII (1, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 8)

Radar Systems - 1,3,4,5,6 Units

Data Base Management Systems - 1,2,3,4,7 Units

Cellular and Mobile Communications : 1,2,5,7,8 (also unit 6 if u do like to) Units
Digital Image Processing :1,2,6,7,8 Units


Other Subjects :OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
Choose: Units I, II, III, IV, V and VIII (1, 2,3,4,5 and 8)

OPERATING SYSTEMS 
Choose: Units I, II, III, IV, VII and VIII (1, 2,3,4,7 and 8)

PRINCIPLES OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 
Choose: Units I,III, IV, VI, VII and VIII (1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8)